The group has extensive knowledge of producing and characterising mixed ionic-electronic and proton-conducting membranes at bench and prototype scales. Fabrication of electrochemical cells requires several techniques depending on the layer involved and the layer acting as a support. The group has expertise in manufacturing techniques like tape-casting, pressing, freeze-casting, spray-coating, physical vapour deposition, ink-jet, screen-printing, etc. These techniques are employed to manufacture not only cells for bench testing but also for prototyping. The latest implies scaling up the cell size -fabricating up to 10x10 cm- or preparing non-conventional cells.

The electrochemical characterisation of cells requires adequate membrane reactors. The group also has experience designing a balance of plants and customised reactors for testing. Customising reactors provides flexibility, allowing measuring both lab scale and scale-up samples. This implies that the design of electrochemical reactors should be adapted to the size, geometry, and particularities of the cell/reaction and the selection of suitable materials. Reactor feasibility is checked before fabrication with simulations (COMSOL) to ensure adequate gas flows, contact time and current application.